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Annex A | HF Phraseology

The following guidance is provided to highlight differences between domestic and oceanic phraseology. It is intended to complement phraseology examples in the North Atlantic Operations and Airspace Manual (NAT Doc 007).

1.1 General

Component Standard Radiotelephony
Airports & ICAO Codes Individual phonetic letters, e.g. TBPB – “tango bravo papa bravo” or unique airport name, e.g. EGAA - “Belfast Aldergrove”
Mach Number “Mach decimal eight-five”
Times/Numbers Individual numbers, e.g. 1330 - “one three three zero”
NAT Track Phonetic letters e.g. Track A – “track alpha”
Latitudes 2 individual digits e.g. 51N – “five one north”
Longitudes 2 or 3 individual digits e.g. 030W – “(zero) three zero west”

1.2 Oceanic Clearance

General Notes

  • If the NAT Track is the same one specified in the flight plan, it is not required to be stated in the request. If it is not, pilots will add the phrase “now requesting track __”.
  • Pilots may optionally add the phrase “second choice track __”.
  • Maximum flight level may be the same as the requested level.
  • If the clearance is not as requested, the pilot must be informed using the phrase “oceanic clearance with a _____ change”. Refer to Changes to Requested Clearance.
  • Whilst providing an oceanic clearance, aircraft are often still in domestic airspace where the oceanic controller is not the controlling authority.
  • The callsign “Shanwick (or Gander) Oceanic” is included in the clearance to indicate the clearance came from the controlling authority.
  • Controllers should not provide the TMI in the clearance but should ensure the pilot provides it in the readback. TMI is not required from aircraft on a random routing.
  • Concorde phraseology is different.

1.2.1 Via NAT Tracks

Speaker Message
ACA849 Shanwick Radio, ACA849, request oceanic clearance
Shanwick Radio ACA849, Shanwick Radio
ACA849 ACA849, request oceanic clearance; estimating ETARI at 1154, request M080, FL360, able FL370
Shanwick Radio ACA849, Shanwick Radio, roger, standby for oceanic clearance
A short delay is reasonable to check the requested clearance for conflicts
Shanwick Radio ACA849, Shanwick Radio, oceanic clearance with a level change
ACA849 ACA849
Shanwick Radio Shanwick Oceanic clears ACA849 to CYYT via track A, from ETARI maintain FL370, M080.
ACA849 ACA849 is cleared to CYYT via track A. From ETARI maintain FL370, M080, TMI 071.
Shanwick Radio ACA849 correct, return to domestic frequency.

1.2.2 Via Random Route

Speaker Message
TOM124 Shanwick Radio, TOM124, request oceanic clearance
Shanwick Radio TOM124, Shanwick Radio
TOM124 TOM124, request oceanic clearance, estimating DINIM at 1024, request M085, FL400, able FL410
Shanwick Radio TOM124, roger, standby for oceanic clearance
A short delay is reasonable to check the requested clearance for conflicts
Shanwick Radio TOM124, Shanwick Radio, oceanic clearance.
TOM124 TOM124
Shanwick Radio Shanwick Oceanic clears TOM124 to TBPB via DINIM 49N020W, 44N030W, 36N040W, 31N045W, 25N050W, FISST. From DINIM maintain FL400, M085.
TOM124 TOM124 is cleared to TBPB via DINIM 49N020W, 44N030W, 36N040W, 31N045W, 25N050W, FISST. From DINIM maintain FL400, M085.
Shanwick Radio TOM124, correct, return to domestic frequency.

1.2.3 Changes to Requested Clearance

Amendment Phraseology Description

Amendment Type Description
Re-route Change, deletion or addition of a waypoint other than the entry point.
Level Change Level in the clearance is not the same as the requested level.
Speed Change Speed in the clearance is not the same as the requested speed.
Entry Point Change Change of oceanic entry point.
Clearance Limit Change Change of clearance limit.

1.2.4 Time Restrictions

Time restrictions should not be applied unless required for separation. They should be appended to the oceanic clearance and must be read back, but may be issued separately.

Speaker Message
NAT ...cross ETARI not later than time 1155
NAT ...cross ETARI not before time 1155

1.3 Initial Check-in with Oceanic Controller

1.3.1 ADS-B Equipped Aircraft

General Notes

  • When requesting a SELCAL check, pilots are not required to state the SELCAL code.
  • Frequencies for the next sector may be provided on first contact, although the risk of the pilot incorrectly changing frequency immediately must be considered. If required, this can be delayed to a separate transmission closer to the next sector boundary.
  • The phrase “monitor this frequency” can be used to highlight the requirement to maintain a listening watch on the current frequency prior to contacting the next sector.
  • Aircraft that are not ADS-B equipped will check in with a position report and request for SELCAL check. After the last position report in the current sector is received, contact details for the next sector shall be provided.
Speaker Message
TOM124 Shanwick Radio, TOM124, Santa Maria next, request SELCAL check.
Shanwick Radio TOM124, Shanwick Radio, [at 45N contact Santa Maria on 132.075], standby for SELCAL check.
Shanwick Radio Selcal tone triggered
TOM124 TOM124, SELCAL check OK.
Shanwick Radio Shanwick Radio.

1.3.2 Non-ADS-B Equipped Aircraft (Position Reports)

General Notes

  • Aircraft that are not ADS-B equipped will check in with a position report and request for SELCAL check, followed by position reports passing each waypoint.
  • After the last position report in the current sector is received, contact details for the next sector shall be provided.
  • Pilots are not required to include their current/cleared Mach number in a position report, unless a speed change (via an amended clearance) has occurred since the previous position report.
Speaker Message
TOM124 Shanwick, TOM124, position.
Shanwick Radio TOM124, Shanwick Radio
TOM124 TOM124, DINIM at 1025, FL400, estimating 49N020W at 1131, next 44N030W.
Shanwick Radio TOM124, [reads back position report]

1.4 Revisions/Amendments

General Notes

  • Instructions to report leaving or report reaching are optional and should be appended to the climb instruction if required.
  • Amended clearances may include a geographic or time restriction whereby the instruction may only be commenced after a certain point/time or alternatively must be complied with prior to a certain point/time.
  • The same format is used for speed/route changes, with the phraseology “Amended speed/route clearance…”
Speaker Message
ACA849 Gander Radio, ACA849, amended level clearance
Gander Radio ACA849
Gander Oceanic ACA849, Gander Oceanic clears ACA849, climb to and maintain FL430.
ACA849 ACA849, climb to and maintain FL430.
Gander Radio ACA849, correct.

1.4.1 Operations Without A Fixed Speed (OWAFS)

General Notes

  • Refer to OWAFS
Speaker Message
EIN155 Shanwick Radio, EIN155, amended speed clearance.
Shanwick Radio EIN155
Shanwick Oceanic EIN155, Shanwick Oceanic clears EIN155, resume normal speed.
EIN155 EIN155, resume normal speed.
Shanwick Radio EIN155, correct.

1.4.2 Revised Estimate

General Notes

  • If the ETA for any waypoint changes by more than 3 minutes, aircraft must provide a revised estimate.
Speaker Message
ACA849 Gander Radio, ACA849, revised estimate.
Gander Radio ACA849
ACA849 ACA849 estimating 5140N at 1334
Gander Radio ACA849, Gander Radio copies estimating 5140N at 1334.

1.5 Handoff

General Notes

  • For radio stations, use “call”
  • For control stations, use “contact”
Speaker Message
Controller EIN104, over 30W, call Shanwick Radio 131.800
Controller EIN106, over 50W, contact Moncton Center 132.200

Last update: January 3, 2025